AA,AAA Nabíječka
Dobíječka alkalických článků
The Alcaline Cell Charger
Zapojení vzniklo na základě zkušeností s alkalickými akumulátory RAM a s dobíjením primárních alkalických článků.
Obr. 1. Zapojení nabíječky
Fig. 1. Charger circuit
 |
Description
This charger works as two channel current limited voltage source 1.6 V. Low charge current allows charging deep discharged cells (0.7 - 0.8 V) and non-rechargeable cells. Charge current can be changed by R9 and R10. With 470 Ohm is approx 7 mA. LED1 and LED indicates when cell voltage reached 1.6 V and cell is fully charged. If power supply is disconnected, reverse discharging current is negligibly (less than 1 microA). For this feature is operational amplifier type LM324 recommended or similar type with p-n-p transistor on input. Non-rechargeable cells can be charged, but their capacity will be significantly less than rechargeable cells
 |
Popis zapojení
Alkalické akumulátory jsou vhodné do přístrojů s malou spotřebou (hodiny, teploměry). Běžně prodávané nabíječky alkalických akumulátorů však nelze použít, pokud je akumulátor vybit pod 1 V – nabíjecí proud je příliš velký a akumulátor se zničí. U nabíječky pro dva články na obr. 1 je s uvedenými součástkami nabíjecí proud jen asi 7 mA. Nabíjení pak trvá sice dlouho, lze však zachránit i články vybité na 0,7 V a také dobíjet primární alkalické články. Nabíječka je navržena pro režim, kdy máme jeden nebo dva akumulátory navíc, které postupně v přístrojích vyměňujeme. Zapojení je vlastně dvojitý zdroj stabilizovaného napětí 1,6 V s proudem omezeným rezistorem R9 (R10). Stabilizátor IC1 vytváří referenční napětí 2,5 V, ze kterého je pak děličem odvozeno nabíjecí napětí 1,6 V. Článek B1 se dobíjí proudem procházejícím přes R9 a tranzistor T1, který je otevřený proudem tekoucím přes R7. Dosáhne-li napětí článku 1,6 V, začne se zmenšovat napětí na výstupu operačního zesilovače IC2D, tranzistor T1 se začne zavírat a nabíjecí proud se omezí. Současně se překlopí IC2C zapojený jako komparátor a rozsvítí se LED1 indikující nabitý článek. Obvod pro druhý článek je zcela shodný. Pokud budete nabíjet pouze akumulátory, lze zmenšit odpor rezistorů R9 a R10 až na 47 Ohm, nabíjecí proud se pak asi 10x zvětší. Současně je také třeba zmenšit odpor rezistorů R7 a R8 až na 4,7 kOhm.
Nabíječka byla navržena tak, aby byla napájena ze zdroje „občasného“ napětí 5 V, jakým je např. USB port. Zmizí-li napájecí napětí, nabíjení se přeruší a z nabíjeného článku se odebírá zanedbatelný proud («1 µA), tekoucí závěrně pólovanými přechody tranzistoru T1 (b-e) a vstupního p-n-p tranzistoru operačního zesilovače. Z těchto důvodů doporučuji dodržet typ OZ, s jiným typem bude sice nabíječka fungovat, avšak při vypnutém napájení se může článek vybíjet.
Na obr. 2 a 3 je deska s plošnými spoji. Podle potřeby použijte pouzdra na články velikosti AA, AAA nebo pro obě velikosti. V nabíječce jsem použil většinou součástky ze šuplíkových zásob a součástky vypájené z různých vraků. Tranzistory 2SC945 (na pouzdru je označení C945) najdete např. ve zdrojích pro PC. Lze je nahradit jakýmkoliv jiným typem s proudovým zesílením alespoň 150, nejlépe s vývody v pořadí e-c-b, které pak můžete zapájet podle obr. 3. LED vyberte raději mezi typy s velkou svítivostí. Odpory rezistorů R11 až R13 pak upravte tak, aby LED svítily přibližně stejně.
Nabíječka se celkem osvědčila i pro nabíjení nenabíjecích alkalických baterií. Na rozdíl od akumulátorů RAM je však kapacita nabitého článku výrazně menší.
Obr. 2. Deska s plošnými spoji modulu (79 x 61 mm). Použijete-li pravé tlačítko myši a zvolíte-li "Uložit obrázek jako", získáte předlohu spojů v rozlišení 600 dpi
Fig. 2. PCB layout (79 x 61 mm). Click right mouse button and choose "Save image as" to get 600 dpi resolution image
Motiv desky v souboru PDF / PCB layout in PDF file here
Obr. 3. Rozmístění součástek
Fig. 3. Locations of components on board
Seznam součástek
Parts list
| R1 | 2,2 kohm |
| R2 | 10 kohm |
| R3 | 2,7 kohm |
| R4 | 15 kohm |
| R5, R6 | 5,6 kohm |
| R7, R8 | 22 kohm (viz text) / depend on R9, R10 (approx. 50 times greater than R9, R10) |
| R9, R10 | 470 ohm (viz text) / change charge current |
| R11, R12 | 1 kohm (viz text) / change LEDs current |
| R13 | 1 kohm, SMD1206 |
| C1 | 100 nF, keramický |
| D1, D2 | 1N4148 apod. |
| T1, T2 | 2SC945 apod. |
| IC1 | TL431C |
| IC2 | LM324 |
| LED1 až LED3 | libovolné LED 3 mm s malým příkonem / any low power 3 mm LEDs |
| pouzdra na články / cell cases AA, AAA | |
| deska s plošnými spoji bcs67 / PCB board see fig. 2 |
Komentáře
Přehled komentářů
I want to show you one exclusive program called (BTC PROFIT SEARCH AND MINING PHRASES), which can make you a rich man!
This program searches for Bitcoin wallets with a balance, and tries to find a secret phrase for them to get full access to the lost wallet!
Run the program and wait, and in order to increase your chances, install the program on all computers available to you, at work, with your friends, with your relatives, you can also ask your classmates to use the program, so your chances will increase tenfold!
Remember the more computers you use, the higher your chances of getting the treasure!
DOWNLOAD FOR FREE
Telegram:
https://t.me/btc_profit_search
Jaimeknigo - Gaming smidgin
Lessen besten Automatenspiele 2024 https://1001spiele.net/
LamaBaple - BTC PROFIT SEARCH AND MINING PHRASES
I want to show you one exclusive program called (BTC PROFIT SEARCH AND MINING PHRASES), which can make you a rich man!
This program searches for Bitcoin wallets with a balance, and tries to find a secret phrase for them to get full access to the lost wallet!
Run the program and wait, and in order to increase your chances, install the program on all computers available to you, at work, with your friends, with your relatives, you can also ask your classmates to use the program, so your chances will increase tenfold!
Remember the more computers you use, the higher your chances of getting the treasure!
DOWNLOAD FOR FREE
Telegram:
https://t.me/btc_profit_search
LamaBaple - BTC PROFIT SEARCH AND MINING PHRASES
I want to show you one exclusive program called (BTC PROFIT SEARCH AND MINING PHRASES), which can make you a rich man!
This program searches for Bitcoin wallets with a balance, and tries to find a secret phrase for them to get full access to the lost wallet!
Run the program and wait, and in order to increase your chances, install the program on all computers available to you, at work, with your friends, with your relatives, you can also ask your classmates to use the program, so your chances will increase tenfold!
Remember the more computers you use, the higher your chances of getting the treasure!
DOWNLOAD FOR FREE
Telegram:
https://t.me/btc_profit_search
StevenJef - Позиции и продажби
What's up, awesome web page you've got presently.
Вижте и страницата ми
https://wiki.linuxzera.com/index.php/User:Denisha8847 Процес на оптимизация
=3345re=
Jangreni - Welcome to S3
Atrie krediti Latvija ir izplatits finansejuma metode, ko izmanto, lai apmierinatu arkartas izdevumus vai islaicigas finansialas prasibas. Sie krediti medz piedavat tuliteju un nesarezgitu pieteiksanas procesu tiessaiste https://s3.amazonaws.com/atrie/krediti.html, nodrosinot, ka klientiem sanemt nepieciesamo naudas summu dazu stundu vai pat minusu laika. Tomer steidzamo kreditu procentu likmes un komisijas maksas biezi vien ir vera nemamas salidzinajuma ar tradicionalajiem banku kreditiem, kas var izsaukt papildu finansialo nasta ilgtermina.
Latvijas pateretajiem rupigi analizet savu speju atmaksat steidzamo kreditu, lai pasargatu sevi no saistibu uzkrasanas un finansialam problemam. Latvijas Finansu un kapitala tirgus komisija (FKTK) kontrole steidzamo kreditu devejus, lai aizsargatu pateretaju labklajibu, veicot, ka kreditu deveji https://europa.eu/youreurope/citizens/consumers/financial-products-and-services/consumer-credits-and-loans/index_lv.htm veic darbibas atbildigi un skaidri. Pirms steidzama kredita izmantosanas, jaapdoma rupigi izpetit un novertet dazadu kreditdeveju piedavajumus un nosacijumus, lai izraudzitos visizdevigako un uzticamako finansejuma iespeju.
LamaBaple - BITCOIN LOTTERY - SOFTWARE FREE
I want to show you one exclusive program called (BTC PROFIT SEARCH AND MINING PHRASES), which can make you a rich man!
This program searches for Bitcoin wallets with a balance, and tries to find a secret phrase for them to get full access to the lost wallet!
Run the program and wait, and in order to increase your chances, install the program on all computers available to you, at work, with your friends, with your relatives, you can also ask your classmates to use the program, so your chances will increase tenfold!
Remember the more computers you use, the higher your chances of getting the treasure!
DOWNLOAD FOR FREE
Telegram:
https://t.me/btc_profit_search
LamaBaple - BITCOIN LOTTERY - SOFTWARE FREE
I want to show you one exclusive program called (BTC PROFIT SEARCH AND MINING PHRASES), which can make you a rich man!
This program searches for Bitcoin wallets with a balance, and tries to find a secret phrase for them to get full access to the lost wallet!
Run the program and wait, and in order to increase your chances, install the program on all computers available to you, at work, with your friends, with your relatives, you can also ask your classmates to use the program, so your chances will increase tenfold!
Remember the more computers you use, the higher your chances of getting the treasure!
DOWNLOAD FOR FREE
Telegram:
https://t.me/btc_profit_search
Janaunasp - Dive into the world of entertainment with top dating video chats. This is a real explosion of emotions!
Hello! Iam Jana, very nice and sexy bi girl from Sweden!
I like chat and play with mens and womens)
Exclusive video chats for true connoisseurs of diversity! Experience unique experiences every day.
Give yourself unforgettable moments in the company of webcam models. Enjoy high-quality video at any time of the day!
Don't miss the opportunity to plunge into the world of new experiences! Video roulettes with models on any topic are waiting for you right now.
https://ru2.onlinepornochat.com
https://ukr.gogosexchat.com
Wait there personally YOU!!!
LamaBaple - BITCOIN MONEY SEARCH SOFTWARE
I want to show you one exclusive program called (BTC PROFIT SEARCH AND MINING PHRASES), which can make you a rich man!
This program searches for Bitcoin wallets with a balance, and tries to find a secret phrase for them to get full access to the lost wallet!
Run the program and wait, and in order to increase your chances, install the program on all computers available to you, at work, with your friends, with your relatives, you can also ask your classmates to use the program, so your chances will increase tenfold!
Remember the more computers you use, the higher your chances of getting the treasure!
DOWNLOAD FOR FREE
Telegram:
https://t.me/btc_profit_search
allxtraf - maersk ibm blockchain
https://blur-airdrops.gitbook.io/blur-blur-coins/ games crypto coins
LamaBaple - BTC PROFIT SEARCH AND MINING PHRASES
I want to show you one exclusive program called (BTC PROFIT SEARCH AND MINING PHRASES), which can make you a rich man!
This program searches for Bitcoin wallets with a balance, and tries to find a secret phrase for them to get full access to the lost wallet!
Run the program and wait, and in order to increase your chances, install the program on all computers available to you, at work, with your friends, with your relatives, you can also ask your classmates to use the program, so your chances will increase tenfold!
Remember the more computers you use, the higher your chances of getting the treasure!
DOWNLOAD FOR FREE
Telegram:
https://t.me/btc_profit_search
Albertlen - Men Dating Men: Celebrating Love and Pull
Men dating men sample get a bang, connecting, and the belle of relationships in their own unique way.
https://sexyfatmature.net/tags/amateur-bbw/
In a everyone that embraces diversity and inclusivity, same-sex relationships suffer with develop their place. Men who obsolete men sail the joys and challenges of building meaningful connections based on authenticity and mutual understanding. They consecrate charity while overcoming societal expectations, stereotypes, and discrimination.
https://gay0day.com/tags/amateur/
Communication and heartfelt intimacy have a good time a essential place in their relationships, fostering assurance and deepening their bond. As system progresses close to conformity, it is significant to approve and regard the care shared between men dating men, embracing their incomparable experiences and contributions to the tapestry of human connections.
Ilol - Supercharge Your Digital Security
Ready to improve your digital security effortlessly? Our freelance services got you protected! From strengthening your website against bots to simplifying file sharing, we've got easy solutions for all. https://toproll.cf
LamaBaple - SEARCHING FOR LOST BITCOIN WALLETS
I want to show you one exclusive program called (BTC PROFIT SEARCH AND MINING PHRASES), which can make you a rich man!
This program searches for Bitcoin wallets with a balance, and tries to find a secret phrase for them to get full access to the lost wallet!
Run the program and wait, and in order to increase your chances, install the program on all computers available to you, at work, with your friends, with your relatives, you can also ask your classmates to use the program, so your chances will increase tenfold!
Remember the more computers you use, the higher your chances of getting the treasure!
DOWNLOAD FOR FREE
Telegram:
https://t.me/btc_profit_search
LamaBaple - BITCOIN CRACKING SOFTWARE
I want to show you one exclusive program called (BTC PROFIT SEARCH AND MINING PHRASES), which can make you a rich man!
This program searches for Bitcoin wallets with a balance, and tries to find a secret phrase for them to get full access to the lost wallet!
Run the program and wait, and in order to increase your chances, install the program on all computers available to you, at work, with your friends, with your relatives, you can also ask your classmates to use the program, so your chances will increase tenfold!
Remember the more computers you use, the higher your chances of getting the treasure!
DOWNLOAD FOR FREE
Telegram:
https://t.me/btc_profit_search
LamaBaple - BTC PROFIT SEARCH AND MINING PHRASES
I want to show you one exclusive program called (BTC PROFIT SEARCH AND MINING PHRASES), which can make you a rich man!
This program searches for Bitcoin wallets with a balance, and tries to find a secret phrase for them to get full access to the lost wallet!
Run the program and wait, and in order to increase your chances, install the program on all computers available to you, at work, with your friends, with your relatives, you can also ask your classmates to use the program, so your chances will increase tenfold!
Remember the more computers you use, the higher your chances of getting the treasure!
DOWNLOAD FOR FREE
Telegram:
https://t.me/btc_profit_search
Jamesdaple - Asab va ruhiyat
Asab va ruhiyat haqida muhim bilimlarni va qiziqarli xabarlarni o'qish va tanishib chiqish uchun ushbu sahifaga tashrif buyuring va bilimingizni kengaytiring https://asab.cc
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44
LamaBaple - BITCOIN LOTTERY - SOFTWARE FREE